LAPAROSCOPIC RESECTION OF GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS (GIST).

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal mesenchymal or stromal tumors (GIST) are lesions originated on digestive tract walls, which are treated by surgical resection. Several laparoscopic techniques, from gastrectomies to segmental resections, have been used successfully. AIM: Describe a single center experience on laparoscopic GIST resection. METHOD: Charts of 15 operated patients were retrospectively reviewed. Thirteen had gastric lesions, of which ten were sub epithelial, ranging from 2-8 cm; and three were pure exofitic growing lesions. The remaining two patients had small bowel lesions. Surgical laparoscopic treatment consisted of two distal gastrectomies, 11 wedge gastric resections and two segmental enterectomies. Mechanical suture was used in the majority of patients except on six, which underwent resection and closure using manual absorbable sutures. There were no conversions to open technique. RESULTS: Mean operative time was 1h 29 min±92 (40-420 min). Average lenght of hospital stay was three days (2-6 days). There were no leaks, postoperative bleeding or need for reintervention. Mean postoperative follow-up was 38±17 months (6-60 months). Three patients underwent adjuvant Imatinib treatment, one for recurrence five months postoperatively and two for tumors with moderate risk for recurrence . CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic GIST resection, not only for small lesions but also for tumors above 5 cm, is safe and acceptable technique.

Laparoscopic resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gist) / Ressecção laparoscópica de tumores estromais gastrintestinais (gist)

Background : Gastrointestinal mesenchymal or stromal tumors (GIST) are lesions originated on digestive tract walls, which are treated by surgical resection. Several laparoscopic techniques, from gastrectomies to segmental resections, have been used successfully. Aim : Describe a single center experience on laparoscopic GIST resection. Method : Charts of 15 operated patients were retrospectively reviewed. Thirteen had gastric lesions, of which ten were sub epithelial, ranging from 2-8 cm; and three were pure exofitic growing lesions. The remaining two patients had small bowel lesions. Surgical laparoscopic treatment consisted of two distal gastrectomies, 11 wedge gastric resections and two segmental enterectomies. Mechanical suture was used in the majority of patients except on six, which underwent resection and closure using manual absorbable sutures. There were no conversions to open technique. Results : Mean operative time was 1h 29 min±92 (40-420 min). Average lenght of hospital stay was three days (2-6 days). There were no leaks, postoperative bleeding or need for reintervention. Mean postoperative follow-up was 38±17 months (6-60 months). Three patients underwent adjuvant Imatinib treatment, one for recurrence five months postoperatively and two for tumors with moderate risk for recurrence . Conclusion : Laparoscopic GIST resection, not only for small lesions but also for tumors above 5 cm, is safe and acceptable technique.

Racional: Os tumores estromais ou mesenquimais gastrointetinais (GIST) são lesões originárias da parede do tubo digestivo cujo tratamento requer remoção cirúrgica. Diversas técnicas por via laparoscópica - gastrectomias e ressecções segmentares - têm sido empregadas com sucesso. Objetivo: Apresentar a experiência de um serviço de cirurgia com ressecção laparoscópica de GIST. Métodos: Foram avaliados 15 pacientes com GIST operados revisados retrospectivamente. Treze tiveram lesões gástricas, das quais 10 eram subepiteliais entre 2-8 cm. Três eram lesões exofíticas puras. Dois apresentavam lesões no intestino delgado. O tratamento cirúrgico por laparoscopia consistiu de duas gastrectomias distais; 11 ressecções gástricas em cunha e duas enterectomias segmentares. Sutura mecânica foi utilizada na maioria dos doentes, exceto em seis com suturas absorvíveis manuais. Não houve conversões para laparotomia. Resultados: O tempo médio das operações foi de 89±92 min (40-420). A hospitalização média foi de três dias (2-6). Não houve fístula, sangramento pós-operatório ou necessidade de reintervenção por complicação cirúrgica. O seguimento médio pós-operatorio foi de 38±17 meses (6-60). Três pacientes foram encaminhados para terapia adjuvante com mesilato de imatinib, um deles por recidiva precoce aos cinco meses, e os outros dois por apresentarem risco moderado para recidiva. Conclusão: A ressecção laparoscópica de GIST, mesmo os maiores de 5 cm, é procedimento factível e seguro.

Long-term professional performance of minimally invasive surgery post-graduates.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the contribution of a post-graduation program in surgeons professional careers. METHODS: participants were asked to answer a questionnaire with questions related to possible changes in their professional performance after the end of the course. RESULTS: forty-three (76.7%) of the 56 participants eligible for the study responded to the questionnaires. Most participants, 32 (74.4%), had previous contact with laparoscopic surgery; however, only 14 (32.5%) reported the experience as primary surgeon. The expectations on the course were reached or exceeded for 36 (83.7%) participants. Thirty-seven (86%) incorporated minimally invasive procedures in their daily surgical practice, 37 (86%) reported improvements in their income above 10% and 12% reported income increase of over 100%, directly related to their increase of laparoscopic activity. CONCLUSION: the program in minimally invasive surgery provides a high level of satisfaction to its participants, enables them to perform more complex technical procedures, such as sutures, and improves their professional economic performance.

Long-term professional performance of minimally invasive surgery post-graduates / Desempenho profissional, em longo prazo, dos egressos do programa de pós graduaçåo em cirurgia minimamente invasiva

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the contribution of a post-graduation program in surgeons professional careers. METHODS: participants were asked to answer a questionnaire with questions related to possible changes in their professional performance after the end of the course. RESULTS: forty-three (76.7%) of the 56 participants eligible for the study responded to the questionnaires. Most participants, 32 (74.4%), had previous contact with laparoscopic surgery; however, only 14 (32.5%) reported the experience as primary surgeon. The expectations on the course were reached or exceeded for 36 (83.7%) participants. Thirty-seven (86%) incorporated minimally invasive procedures in their daily surgical practice, 37 (86%) reported improvements in their income above 10% and 12% reported income increase of over 100%, directly related to their increase of laparoscopic activity. CONCLUSION: the program in minimally invasive surgery provides a high level of satisfaction to its participants, enables them to perform more complex technical procedures, such as sutures, and improves their professional economic performance. .

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a contribuição de um programa de pós-graduação na carreira profissional de seus egressos. MÉTODOS: os participantes foram convidados a responder questionário com perguntas relacionadas a eventuais mudanças em seu desempenho profissional após o término do curso. RESULTADOS: quarenta e três (76,7%) dos 56 participantes elegíveis para o estudo responderam aos questionários. A maioria dos participantes, 32 (74,4%) já tinha contato prévio com a cirurgia laparoscópica, porém, apenas 14 (32,5%) relataram a experiência como cirurgião principal. As expectativas sobre o curso foram alcançadas ou superadas para 36 (83,7%) participantes. Trinta e sete (86%) incorporaram procedimentos minimamente invasivos em sua prática cirúrgica diária. E também 37 (86%) relataram melhorias em seus rendimentos superiores a 10%, e ainda 12% relataram aumento superior a 100% em seus rendimentos, diretamente relacionado com o incremento da atividade laparoscópica. CONCLUSÃO: o programa em cirurgia minimamente invasiva proporciona um elevado grau de satisfação aos seus participantes, e os capacita a realizar procedimentos técnicos mais complexos, como as suturas, além de melhorar seu desempenho economico profissional. .

Development of laparoscopic skills in Medical students naive to surgical training / Desenvolvimento de habilidades laparoscópicas em estudantes de Medicina sem exposição prévia a treinamento cirúrgico

Objective To assess the acquisition of basic laparoscopic skills of Medical students trained on a surgical simulator. Methods First- and second-year Medical students participated on a laparoscopic training program on simulators. None of the students had previous classes of surgical technique, exposure to surgical practice nor training prior to the enrollment in to the study. Students´ time were collected before and after the 150-minute training. Skill acquisition was measured comparing time and scores of students and senior instructors of laparoscopic surgery Results Sixty-eight students participated of the study, with a mean age of 20.4 years, with a predominance of first-year students (62%). All students improved performance in score and time, after training (p<0,001). Score improvement in the exercises ranged from 294.1 to 823%. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified that second-year Medical students have achieved higher performance after training. Conclusions Medical students who had never been exposed to surgical techniques can acquire basic laparoscopic skills after training in simulators. Second-year undergraduates had better performance than first-year students. .

Objetivo Avaliar o aprendizado de habilidades laparoscópicas básicas em estudantes de Medicina submetidos a treinamento em um simulador. Métodos Estudantes de Medicina do primeiro e segundo ano participaram de um treinamento de exercícios de laparoscopia em simuladores. Nenhum estudante havia cursado a disciplina de técnica operatória ou teve exposição prévia a cirurgias ou treinamento cirúrgico. Os mesmos tiveram seu tempo coletado antes e após treinamento de 150 minutos. A aquisição de habilidade foi medida comparando tempo e pontuações dos alunos em relação a cirurgiões instrutores em cirurgia laparoscópica. Resultados O trabalho teve a participação de 68 alunos, com média de idade de 20,4 anos. Houve predomínio de alunos do primeiro ano (62%). Na comparação pré e pós-treino, todos os alunos obtiveram melhora de desempenho em pontuação e tempo dos exercícios, com significância estatística (p<0,001). A pontuação apresentou variação de melhora de 294.1 a 823%. Análise univariada e multivariada identificaram que alunos do segundo ano obtiveram um maior ganho de desempenho com o treinamento. Conclusões Estudantes de Medicina nunca expostos à técnicas cirúrgicas adquirem habilidades laparoscópicas básicas em treinamento sistematizado em simuladores. Alunos do segundo ano apresentaram melhor desempenho em relação a alunos do primeiro ano. .

Development of laparoscopic skills in medical students naive to surgical training.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the acquisition of basic laparoscopic skills of Medical students trained on a surgical simulator. METHODS: First- and second-year Medical students participated on a laparoscopic training program on simulators. None of the students had previous classes of surgical technique, exposure to surgical practice nor training prior to the enrollment in to the study. Students´ time were collected before and after the 150-minute training. Skill acquisition was measured comparing time and scores of students and senior instructors of laparoscopic surgery. RESULTS: Sixty-eight students participated of the study, with a mean age of 20.4 years, with a predominance of first-year students (62%). All students improved performance in score and time, after training (p<0,001). Score improvement in the exercises ranged from 294.1 to 823%. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified that second-year Medical students have achieved higher performance after training. CONCLUSIONS: Medical students who had never been exposed to surgical techniques can acquire basic laparoscopic skills after training in simulators. Second-year undergraduates had better performance than first-year students.